Section
Electrical
Hazardous area classification, Ex protection types, cable selection and sizing, earthing, motors and lighting.
- Topics
- 6
- Standards covered
- 20
Beginner
No prior knowledge assumed
Hazardous areas — zones, gas groups and Ex protection explained
Why a light fitting in a refinery costs ten times a normal one. Zones and divisions, gas groups, temperature classes, IP ratings, and how to read an Ex certification label.
Cables — construction, selection and why sizing is never just about current
What the layers of a cable do, how power, control and instrument cables differ, the four things that decide a cable size, and why the published rating is never the rating you get.
Intermediate
Builds on the basics
Earthing and bonding — several different jobs sharing one word
Why a plant has more than one earth, the difference between earthing and bonding, how the neutral earthing decision shapes the whole system, and why static bonding has almost nothing to do with fault current.
Distribution and the single line diagram — the map of the electrical system
How power gets from the grid to a motor, what transformers and switchgear actually do, why protection must discriminate, and how to trace a supply on a single line diagram.
Ex installation and inspection — where compliance is actually won or lost
Certified equipment is the easy part. Glands, unused entries, flame paths, IS segregation and the inspection regime are where hazardous area compliance is genuinely decided.
Electrical commissioning and turnover — from dead to live
Why insulation testing needs electronic devices disconnected and readings corrected for temperature, what a functional test proves that a settings check cannot, why an inhibit register exists, why as-left settings are recorded, and what changes the moment a system is energised.